The Rosacae family includes more than 1000 spieces but only few of them are suitable for extracting of rose oil. For production of essential oil different varietes are selected based on the Rosa Damascena Mill and Rosa Gallica spieces.

The oil bearing rose has been introduced and adopted in Bulgaria from the Near East during the 17-th century and Iran is considered to be the motherland of the rose. From Iran, trough Turkey the rose is transfered in Bulgaria for cultivation more than 350 years ago. Here it finds suitable soil and climatic conditions for growing, development and synthesis of high quality rose essential oil.

In Bulgaria the cultivated oil yielding rose is botanically established as a new spiece - Rosa kazanlika V. Top and it is the main variety for rose oil production. Rose essential oil is also distilled from the varity called Rosa Alba (White oil bearing rose).

The oil bearing rose represents a perennial bush cultivated for more than 20 years which determines its strict exigence towards the soil and climatic conditions as soil fertility, possibility for irrigation, air humidity - it requires mild winter, prolonged spring and fresh summer...

The oil yielding roses in Bulgaria flower once per year - from mid May up to mid June for 20-22 days. Higher humidity during flowering period contributes for the preservation of the oil and for a better yield during processing. Picking of the fresh rose flowers starts early in the morning usually at 4.30 a.m. and has to conclude before noon when the sun is too intensive. Picking of rose flower is done manualy and it requires 10 skilfull field workers for harvesting of 1 ha daily.

The optimal yield and quality results for the rose essential oil are guaranteed when processing of the rose flowers is performed immediately after the rose flowers are collected from the field.